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In other words, it's a bet. .
The opposite is also correct. If computational power is taken from the network, the problem adjusts downward to make mining simpler. .
"Say I tell three friends that I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the specific number, they simply have to be the very first person to guess any number that is less than or equal to the number I am thinking of.
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"Let us say I'm thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21they shed because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they have both theoretically arrived at viable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There is no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was nearer to the target answer of 19. .
"Now imagine I present the'guess what number I am thinking of' question, but I am not asking just three friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Rather, I am asking millions of would-be miners and I'm thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be extremely difficult to guess the ideal answer." .
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If 1 in 7 trillion doesn't sound hard enough as is, here's the catch to the catch. Not only do bitcoin miners need to come up with the right hash, but they also must be the first to perform it.
Because bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the ideal answer before another miner has everything to do with how fast your computer can produce hashes. Only a decade ago, bitcoin miners could be carried out competitively on normal desktops. As time passes, however, miners realized that graphics cards commonly used for video games were more capable of mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the game.
These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands. .
Today, bitcoin mining is so aggressive that it can only be done profitably using all the most up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or elderly models of ASICs, the expense of energy consumption actually exceeds the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit available, one computer is seldom enough to compete with what what miners call"mining pools." .
An mining pool is a group of miners who combine their computing ability and split the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately high number of blocks are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented approximately 80% to 90% of bitcoin computing power. .
Between 1 in 7 trillion odds, scaling difficulty levels, and also the massive network of consumers verifying transactions, one block of transactions is verified roughly every 10 minutes. But its important to remember that 10 minutes is a goal, not a guideline.
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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain each 10 minutes. As the network of bitcoin consumers continues to grow, however, the number of transactions made in anchor 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions that can be processed in 10 minutes.
This dilemma at the center of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. Even though bitcoin miners generally agree that something must be done to address scaling, there is less consensus regarding how do it. At the time of writing, there are two big solutions to this scaling problem, either (1) to lower the amount of information needed to confirm each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that each block can save.
Solution 2 would cope with scaling by allowing for more information to be processed each 10 minutes. .
In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing approximately 80% to 90% of the networks computing power required to incorporate a program that would reduce the amount of data needed to verify each block. In other words, they went with Solution 1.
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The app that miners voted to add to the bitcoin protocol is known as a segregated witness, or SegWit. This expression is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to different, and Witness, which describes signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures out of a block and join them as an extended block.